HIAT2022 - Table of Session: TH1 (Thursday Session 1)

Paper	Title	Page
TH1I1	nuCARIBU: Upgrade of the CARIBU Facility at Argonne
	G. Savard, C. Dickerson, J.A. Nolen, J. Song ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work was carried out under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The CARIBU facility at Argonne National Laboratory has been providing to users low-energy and reaccelerated beams of neutron-rich fission fragments for about a decade. These were obtained from a gas catcher system thermalizing fission fragments from a roughly 1 Ci 252Cf source that were then extracted as a low-energy beam that is purified by successive mass separation in a high-resolution separator and an MR-TOF system. While the system provided world unique beams, obtaining the required thin 252Cf source turned out to be an unreliable process that has hampered sustained operation. To remedy this situation, CARIBU is now being upgraded to nuCARIBU that will use a neutron-generator system to induce neutron-induced fission on a thin foil of 235U located inside the gas catcher. This will provide a more controllable source of fission products and a roughly order of magnitude improvement in total yield. The neutron generator is based on the (p,7Li) reaction with the beam from a compact high-intensity 6 MeV cyclotron hitting a high-power solid lithium target surrounded by a moderator. The nuCARIBU system, its expected performance, connection to ATLAS and current status will be presented.
	Slides TH1I1 [5.350 MB]
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TH1I2	Reinforcement Learning and Bayesian Optimization for Ion Linac Operations	130
	J.L. Martinez Marin, B.R. Blomberg, K.J. Bunnell, G.M. Dunn, E. Letcher, B. Mustapha, D. Stanton ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research used the ATLAS facility, which is a DOE Office of Nuclear Physics User Facility. The use of artificial intelligence can significantly reduce the time needed to tune an accelerator system such as the Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System (ATLAS) where a new beam is tuned once or twice a week. After establishing automatic data collection procedures and having analysed the data, machine learning models were developed and tested to tune subsections of the linac. Models based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Bayesian Optimization (BO) were developed, their respec-tive results are discussed and compared. RL and BO are well known AI techniques, often used for control systems. The results were obtained for a subsection of ATLAS that contains complex elements such as the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ). The models will be later generalized to the whole ATLAS linac, and similar models can be devel-oped for any accelerator with a modern control system.
	Slides TH1I2 [4.617 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1I2
About •	Received ※ 09 July 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 19 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
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TH1C3	Automation of RF and Cryomodule Operation at FRIB	136
	S. Zhao, E. Bernal, W. Chang, E. Daykin, E. Gutierrez, W. Hartung, S.H. Kim, S.R. Kunjir, T.L. Larter, D.G. Morris, J.T. Popielarski, H.T. Ren, T. Xu FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661. The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) has been commissioned, with rare isotopes first produced in December 2021 and first user experiments conducted in May 2022. The FRIB driver linear accelerator (linac) uses 6 room temperature cavities, 324 superconducting cavities, and 69 superconducting solenoids to accelerate ions to more than 200 MeV/nucleon. Because of the large scale, automation is essential for reliable linac operation with high availability. Automation measures implemented during linac commissioning include turn-on of the cavities and solenoids, turn-on and fast recovery for room temperature devices, and emergency shut down of linac devices. Additional automated tasks include conditioning of multipacting barriers in the cavities and calibration of the control valves for the pneumatic tuners. To ensure a smooth transition to operations, we are currently working on real-time health monitoring of the linac cryomodules, including critical signals such as X-ray levels, RF coupler temperatures, and cryogenic parameters. In this paper, we will describe our automation procedures, the implementation details, and the experience we gained.
	Slides TH1C3 [1.966 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1C3
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 25 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TH1C4	Cavity Designs for the CH3 to CH11 and Bellow Tuner Investigation of the Superconducting Heavy Ion Accelerator HELIAC	140
	T. Conrad, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, F.D. Dziuba, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu HIM, Mainz, Germany K. Aulenbacher IKP, Mainz, Germany W.A. Barth, M. Basten, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, M. Heilmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, A. Rubin, A. Schnase, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	New CH-DTL cavities designs of the planned Helmholtz Linear Accelerator (HELIAC) are developed in collaboration of GSI, HIM and IAP Frankfurt. The in cw-mode operating linac with a final energy of 7.3 MeV/u, is intended for various experiments, in particular with heavy ions at energies close to the Coulomb barrier for research on SHE. Twelve sc CH cavities are foreseen, divided into four different cryostats each equipped with two dynamic bellow tuner. After successful beam tests with CH0, CH3 to CH11 were designed. Based on the experience gained so far, optimizations were made, which will lead to both an increase in performance in terms of reducing the peak fields limiting superconductivity and a reduction in manufacturing costs and time. In order to optimize manufacturing, attention was paid to design many parts of the cavity, such as lids, spokes, tuner and helium shell, with the same geometrical dimensions. In addition, a tuner test rig was developed, which will be used to investigate the mechanical properties of the bellow tuner. For this purpose, different simulations were made in order to realize conditions as close as possible to reality in the test rig.
	Slides TH1C4 [6.439 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1C4
About •	Received ※ 27 June 2022 — Revised ※ 19 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

TH1I1

nuCARIBU: Upgrade of the CARIBU Facility at Argonne

G. Savard, C. Dickerson, J.A. Nolen, J. Song
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was carried out under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The CARIBU facility at Argonne National Laboratory has been providing to users low-energy and reaccelerated beams of neutron-rich fission fragments for about a decade. These were obtained from a gas catcher system thermalizing fission fragments from a roughly 1 Ci 252Cf source that were then extracted as a low-energy beam that is purified by successive mass separation in a high-resolution separator and an MR-TOF system. While the system provided world unique beams, obtaining the required thin 252Cf source turned out to be an unreliable process that has hampered sustained operation. To remedy this situation, CARIBU is now being upgraded to nuCARIBU that will use a neutron-generator system to induce neutron-induced fission on a thin foil of 235U located inside the gas catcher. This will provide a more controllable source of fission products and a roughly order of magnitude improvement in total yield. The neutron generator is based on the (p,7Li) reaction with the beam from a compact high-intensity 6 MeV cyclotron hitting a high-power solid lithium target surrounded by a moderator. The nuCARIBU system, its expected performance, connection to ATLAS and current status will be presented.

Slides TH1I1 [5.350 MB]

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TH1I2

Reinforcement Learning and Bayesian Optimization for Ion Linac Operations

130

J.L. Martinez Marin, B.R. Blomberg, K.J. Bunnell, G.M. Dunn, E. Letcher, B. Mustapha, D. Stanton
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. This research used the ATLAS facility, which is a DOE Office of Nuclear Physics User Facility.
The use of artificial intelligence can significantly reduce the time needed to tune an accelerator system such as the Argonne Tandem Linear Accelerator System (ATLAS) where a new beam is tuned once or twice a week. After establishing automatic data collection procedures and having analysed the data, machine learning models were developed and tested to tune subsections of the linac. Models based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Bayesian Optimization (BO) were developed, their respec-tive results are discussed and compared. RL and BO are well known AI techniques, often used for control systems. The results were obtained for a subsection of ATLAS that contains complex elements such as the radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ). The models will be later generalized to the whole ATLAS linac, and similar models can be devel-oped for any accelerator with a modern control system.

Slides TH1I2 [4.617 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1I2

About •

Received ※ 09 July 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 19 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TH1C3

Automation of RF and Cryomodule Operation at FRIB

136

S. Zhao, E. Bernal, W. Chang, E. Daykin, E. Gutierrez, W. Hartung, S.H. Kim, S.R. Kunjir, T.L. Larter, D.G. Morris, J.T. Popielarski, H.T. Ren, T. Xu
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661.
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) has been commissioned, with rare isotopes first produced in December 2021 and first user experiments conducted in May 2022. The FRIB driver linear accelerator (linac) uses 6 room temperature cavities, 324 superconducting cavities, and 69 superconducting solenoids to accelerate ions to more than 200 MeV/nucleon. Because of the large scale, automation is essential for reliable linac operation with high availability. Automation measures implemented during linac commissioning include turn-on of the cavities and solenoids, turn-on and fast recovery for room temperature devices, and emergency shut down of linac devices. Additional automated tasks include conditioning of multipacting barriers in the cavities and calibration of the control valves for the pneumatic tuners. To ensure a smooth transition to operations, we are currently working on real-time health monitoring of the linac cryomodules, including critical signals such as X-ray levels, RF coupler temperatures, and cryogenic parameters. In this paper, we will describe our automation procedures, the implementation details, and the experience we gained.

Slides TH1C3 [1.966 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1C3

About •

Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 25 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TH1C4

Cavity Designs for the CH3 to CH11 and Bellow Tuner Investigation of the Superconducting Heavy Ion Accelerator HELIAC

140

T. Conrad, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, F.D. Dziuba, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu
HIM, Mainz, Germany
K. Aulenbacher
IKP, Mainz, Germany
W.A. Barth, M. Basten, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, M. Heilmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, A. Rubin, A. Schnase, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

New CH-DTL cavities designs of the planned Helmholtz Linear Accelerator (HELIAC) are developed in collaboration of GSI, HIM and IAP Frankfurt. The in cw-mode operating linac with a final energy of 7.3 MeV/u, is intended for various experiments, in particular with heavy ions at energies close to the Coulomb barrier for research on SHE. Twelve sc CH cavities are foreseen, divided into four different cryostats each equipped with two dynamic bellow tuner. After successful beam tests with CH0, CH3 to CH11 were designed. Based on the experience gained so far, optimizations were made, which will lead to both an increase in performance in terms of reducing the peak fields limiting superconductivity and a reduction in manufacturing costs and time. In order to optimize manufacturing, attention was paid to design many parts of the cavity, such as lids, spokes, tuner and helium shell, with the same geometrical dimensions. In addition, a tuner test rig was developed, which will be used to investigate the mechanical properties of the bellow tuner. For this purpose, different simulations were made in order to realize conditions as close as possible to reality in the test rig.

Slides TH1C4 [6.439 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1C4

About •

Received ※ 27 June 2022 — Revised ※ 19 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)