HIAT2022 - List of Keywords (operation)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MO1C3	High Voltage Upgrade of the 14UD Tandem Accelerator	electron, simulation, heavy-ion, acceleration	1
	T.B. Tunningley, S.T. Battisson, A. Cooper, J.K. Heighway, D.J. Hinde, C. Kafer, T. Kitchen, P. Linardakis, N.R. Lobanov, C. Notthoff, T. Tempra, B. Tranter, R. Tranter Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capitol Territory, Australia R.A. Bosch UW-Madison/SRC, Madison, Wisconsin, USA J.E. Raatz NEC, Middleton, Wisconsin, USA
	The 14UD at the Australian National University’s Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) operated at a maximum voltage of 15.5 MV after the installation of tubes with a compressed geometry in the 1990s. In recent years, the performance of the accelerator has shown a gradual decline to a maximum operation voltage of ~14.5 MV. There are some fundamental factors that limit the high voltage performance, such as SF6 gas pressure, field enhancement due to triple junctions and total voltage effect. In 2019 ANU initiated the feasibility study of available options to upgrade the entire population of supporting posts, acceleration tubes and grading resistors. In this paper we will discuss the preferred technologies and strategies for successful implementation of this development. The chosen design is based on NEC tubes with magnetic electron suppression and minimized steering of ion beam. The new grading resistors mounting options and improved voltage distribution along accelerator column timeline will be discussed.
	Slides MO1C3 [28.718 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO1C3
About •	Received ※ 25 May 2022 — Revised ※ 27 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MO3I3	Heavy Ion Stripping	target, heavy-ion, synchrotron, linac	24
	P. Gerhard, M.T. Maier GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Ion stripping is primarily an essential technique for heavy ion accelerators in order to reach higher beam energies within reasonable size and budget limits. Due to the nature of the stripping process, the resulting ion beam contains ions of different charge states. Therefore, high beam loss is typically associated, making the net stripping efficiency one of the decisive elements of the overall performance of an accelerator or facility. Several technical implementations of strippers have been and are still being developed in order to obtain optimal stripping for different ions and beam energies by employing different kinds of stripping targets, namely gaseous, solid and more recently fluid materials. High beam intensities resulting in prohibitive energy deposition and target destruction are challenging. Optimizing a stripper may potentially increase the overall performance by a large factor with less effort than other actions. This gave rise to the pulsed gas stripper project at the GSI UNILAC. This talk will give an overview of different strippers at GSI and beyond. The second part will give a detailed report on the introduction of hydrogen at the GSI gas stripper.
	Slides MO3I3 [53.513 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO3I3
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022
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MO4I2	Liquid Lithium Charge Stripper Commissioning with Heavy Ion Beams and Early Operations of FRIB Strippers	heavy-ion, MMI, linac, vacuum	31
	T. Kanemura, N.K. Bultman, R. Madendorp, F. Marti, T. Maruta, Y. Momozaki, J.A. Nolen, P.N. Ostroumov, A.S. Plastun, H.T. Ren, A. Taylor, J. Wei, Q. Zhao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA M.J. LaVere MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA Y. Momozaki, J.A. Nolen ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661 The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michi-gan State University is a 400 kW heavy ion linear accel-erator. Heavy ion accelerators normally include a charge stripper to remove electrons from the beams to increase the charge state of the beams thus to increase the energy gain. Thin carbon foils have been the traditional charge stripper but are limited in power density by the damage they suffer (sublimation and radiation damage) and con-sequently short lifetimes. Because of the high beam pow-er, FRIB had decided to use a liquid lithium charge strip-per (LLCS), a self-replenishing medium that is free from radiation damage. FRIB recently commissioned a LLCS with heavy ion beams (36Ar, 48Ca, 124Xe and 238U beams at energies of 17-20 MeV/u). Since there had been no exper-imental data available of charge stripping characteristics of liquid lithium, this was the first demonstration of charge stripping by a LLCS. The beams were successfully stripped by the LLCS with slightly lower charge states than the carbon foils of the same mass thickness. The LLCS started serving the charge stripper for FRIB user operations with a backup rotating carbon foil charge stripper. FRIB has become the world’s first accelerator that utilizes a LLCS.
	Slides MO4I2 [6.337 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO4I2
About •	Received ※ 26 June 2022 — Revised ※ 27 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022
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MO4C3	Development, Fabrication and Testing of the RF-Kicker for the Acculinna-2 Fragment Separator	kicker, cavity, coupling, experiment	37
	W. Beeckman, F. Forest, O. Tasset-Maye, E.J. Voisin SIGMAPHI S.A., Vannes, France A. Bechtold NTG Neue Technologien GmbH & Co KG, Gelnhausen, Germany A.S. Fomichev, A.V. Gorshkov, S.A. Krupko, G.M. Ter-Akopian JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia
	The Acculinna-2 radioactive beam separator was designed and built between 2012 and 2014, then installed and tested by Sigmaphi in 2015 and in full operation since 2016 at the Flerov laboratory of JINR in Dubna. In order to achieve efficient separation of neutron-deficient species, an RF kicker was foreseen since the beginning of the project but was put on hold for many years. In 2016 Sigmaphi got a contract to study, build, install and test an RF kicker with a variable frequency ranging between 15 and 21 MHz and capable of producing 15kV/cm transverse electric fields in a 10 cm gap over a 1m long distance.# The presentation first recalls the rationale of an RF-kicker to separate neutron-deficient species. It then goes through the different steps of the study, initial choice of the cavity structure, first dimensioning from analytical formulas, finite elements computations and tuning methods envisioned, down to a final preliminary design.# A 1/10 scaled mock-up of this final shape was built and tested as a check before building the full-size cavity. The NTG company was then contracted to perform, in a joint collaboration with Sigmaphi, the final study, detailed design, construction and factory testing of the real cavity. The presentation highlights the fabrication and tests of both mock-up and real size cavities through a series of pictures.# The complete RF-kicker, with its power supply, control and pumping systems was installed on the Acculinna-2 beamline in June 2019. Because the U400M cyclotron was due to shut down by mid-2020, the Acculinna-2 team decided to use the separator to accumulate as much data as possible, to be processed during the 2 years closing time. A 1-week time window for kicker testing was only available in February 2020, a short but sufficient time lapse to successfully drive the cavity at full power and test it over a wide frequency range. Unfortunately, because of cyclotron closure, no beam tests have been performed so far. The latest availabl
	Slides MO4C3 [16.742 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO4C3
About •	Received ※ 26 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 September 2022
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TU3I2	Beam Instrumentation, Challenging Tools for Demanding Projects –– a Snapshot from the French Assigned Network	diagnostics, instrumentation, network, emittance	57
	F. Poirier, T. Durand, C. Koumeir Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France T. Adam, E. Bouquerel, C. Maazouzi, F.R. Osswald IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France P. Bambade, S.M. Ben Abdillah, N. Delerue, H. Guler Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France B. Cheymol, D. Dauvergne, M.-L. Gallin-Martel, R. Molle, C. Peaucelle LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France L. Daudin, A.A. Husson, B. Lachacinski, J. Michaud LP2I, Gradignan, France C. Jamet GANIL, Caen, France C. Thiebaux, M. Verderi LLR, Palaiseau, France
	Particle accelerators are thrusting the exploration of beam production towards several demanding territories, that is beam high intensity, high energy, short time and geometry precision or small size. Accelerators have thus more and more stringent characteristics that need to be measured. Beam diagnostics accompany these trends with a diversity of capacities and technologies that can encompass compactness, radiation hardness, low beam perturbation, or fast response and have a crucial role in the validation of the various operation phases. Their developments also call for specialized knowledge, expertise and technical resources. A snapshot from the French CNRS/IN2P3 beam instrumentation network is proposed. It aims to promote exchanges between the experts and facilitate the realization of project within the field. The network and several beam diagnostic technologies will be exposed. It includes developments of system with low beam interaction characteristics such as PEPITES, fast response detector such as the diamond-based by DIAMMONI, highly dedicated BPM for GANIL-SPIRAL2, emittance-meters which deals with high intensity beams and development for MYRRHA, SPIRAL2-DESIR and NEWGAIN.
	Slides TU3I2 [6.370 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TU3I2
About •	Received ※ 20 June 2022 — Revised ※ 30 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
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TUP03	Bunch Merging and Compression: Recent Progress with RF and LLRF Systems for FAIR	cavity, LLRF, controls, target	67
	D.E.M. Lens, R. Balß, H. Klingbeil, U. Laier, J.S. Schmidt, K.G. Thomin, T. Winnefeld, B. Zipfel GSI, Darmstadt, Germany H. Klingbeil TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
	Besides the realization of several new RF systems for the new heavy-ion synchrotron SIS100 and the storage rings CR and HESR, the FAIR project also includes an upgrade of the RF systems of the existing accelerator rings such as SIS18. The SIS18 RF systems currently comprise two ferrite cavities, three broadband magnetic-alloy cavities and one bunch-compressor cavity. In addition, the LLRF system has been continuously upgraded over the past years towards the planned topology that will be implemented for all FAIR ring accelerators. One of the challenges for the SIS18 RF systems is the large RF frequency span between 400 kHz and 5.4 MHz. Although the SIS18 upgrade is still under progress, a major part of the functionality has already been successfully tested with beam in machine development experiments (MDE). This includes multi-harmonic operation such as dual-harmonic acceleration and further beam gymnastics manipulations such as bunch merging and bunch compression. Many of these features are already used in standard operation. In this contribution, the current status is illustrated and recent MDE results are presented that demonstrate the capabilities of the RF systems for FAIR.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP03
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 30 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022
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TUP06	Cryogenic Surfaces in a Room Temperature SIS18 Ioncatcher	vacuum, cryogenics, heavy-ion, simulation	79
	L.H.J. Bozyk, S. Aumüller, P.J. Spiller GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	For FAIR operation, the existing heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 at GSI will be used as booster for the future SIS100. In order to reach the intensity goals, medium charge state heavy ions will be used. Unfortunately, such ions have very high ionization cross sections in collisions with residual gas particles, yielding in beam loss and a subsequent pressure rise via ion impact stimulated gas desorption. To reduce the desorption yield, room temperature ioncatcher have been installed, which provide low desorption surfaces. Simulations including cryogenic surfaces show, that their high sticking probability prevents the vacuum system from pressure built-ups during operation. Such, the operation with heavy ion beams can be stabilized at higher heavy ion intensities, than solely with room temperature surfaces. A prototype ioncatcher containing cryogenic surfaces has been developed and built. The surfaces are cooled by a commercial coldhead, which easily allows this system being integrated into the room temperature synchrotron. The development and first laboratory tests including fast pressure measurements of this system will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP06
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022
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TUP07	Efficient Heavy Ion Acceleration with High Brilliance	rfq, emittance, brilliance, cavity	83
	C. Zhang GSI, Darmstadt, Germany H. Podlech IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	It is challenging to realize an efficient and brilliant RFQ for accelerating high current heavy ion beams, as space charge effects are most pronounced at the low energy end. Here ’efficient’ means an as short as pos-sible accelerating structure with minimum RF power consumption, while ’brilliant’ means high beam transmission and low emittance growth. Using the > 9 m long HSI RFQ accelerator, one of the longest RFQs in the world, as an example, a promising solution has been presented.
	Poster TUP07 [1.134 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP07
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
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TUP10	High Power Tests of a New 4-Rod RFQ with Focus on Thermal Stability	rfq, experiment, controls, MMI	93
	S.R. Wagner, D. Koser, H. Podlech IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany M. Basten GSI, Darmstadt, Germany M. Basten HIM, Mainz, Germany H. Podlech HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	Due to strong limitations regarding operational stability of the existing HLI-RFQ a new design and prototype were commissioned. Three main problems were observed at the existing RFQ: A strong thermal sensitivity, modulated reflected power, and insufficient stability of the contact springs connecting the stems with the tuning plates. Although the last problem was easily solved, the first two remained and greatly hindered operations. To resolve this issue and ensure stable injection into the HLI, a new RFQ-prototype, optimized in terms of vibration suppression and cooling efficiency, was designed at the Institute of Applied Physics (IAP) of Goethe University Frankfurt. To test the performance of this prototype, high power tests with more than 25 kW/m were performed at GSI. During those, it was possible to demonstrate operational stability in terms of thermal load and mechanical vibrations, calculating the thermal detuning, and proof the reliability of the proposed design.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP10
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 September 2022
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TUP11	Upgrade and Operation of the ATLAS Radiation Interlock System (ARIS)	radiation, controls, Linux, PLC	96
	B.R. Blomberg, B. Back, K.J. Bunnell, J.A. Clark, M.R. Hendricks, C.E. Peters, J. Reyna, G. Savard, D. Stanton, L. Weber ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357. ATLAS (the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator Sys-tem) is a superconducting heavy ion accelerator which can accelerate nearly all stable, and some unstable, iso-topes between hydrogen and uranium. Prompt radiation fields from gamma and or neutron are typically below 1 rem/hr at 30 cm, but are permitted up to 300 rem/hr at 30 cm. The original ATLAS Radiation Interlock System (ARIS), hereafter referred to as ARIS 1.0 was installed 30 years ago. While it has been a functional critical safe-ty system, its age has exposed the facility to high risk of temporary shutdown due to failure of obsolete compo-nents. Topics discussed will be architecture, hardware improvements, functional improvements, and operation permitting personnel access to areas with low levels of radiation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP11
About •	Received ※ 30 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
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WE1I3	FRIB Commissioning	linac, target, MMI, experiment	118
	P.N. Ostroumov, F. Casagrande, K. Fukushima, K. Hwang, M. Ikegami, T. Kanemura, S.H. Kim, S.M. Lidia, G. Machicoane, T. Maruta, D.G. Morris, A.S. Plastun, H.T. Ren, J. Wei, T. Xu, T. Zhang, Q. Zhao, S. Zhao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661, the State of Michigan and Michigan State University. The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), a major nuclear physics facility for research with fast, stopped and reaccelerated rare isotope beams, was successfully commissioned and is in operation. The acceleration of Xe, Kr, and Ar ion beams above 210 MeV/u using all 46 cryomodules with 324 superconducting cavities was demonstrated. Several key technologies were successful-ly developed and implemented for the world’s highest energy continuous wave heavy ion beams, such as full-scale cryogenics and superconducting radiofrequency resonator system, stripping of heavy ions with a thin liquid lithium film, and simultaneous acceleration of multiple-charge-state heavy ion beams. In December 2021, we demonstrated the production and identification of 84Se isotopes and, in January 2022, commissioned the FRIB fragment separator by delivering a 210 MeV/u argon beam to the separator’s focal plane. The first two user experiments with primary 48Ca and 82Se beams have been successfully conducted in May-June 2022.
	Slides WE1I3 [6.543 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-WE1I3
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 29 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 September 2022
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TH1C3	Automation of RF and Cryomodule Operation at FRIB	cavity, controls, SRF, linac	136
	S. Zhao, E. Bernal, W. Chang, E. Daykin, E. Gutierrez, W. Hartung, S.H. Kim, S.R. Kunjir, T.L. Larter, D.G. Morris, J.T. Popielarski, H.T. Ren, T. Xu FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661. The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) has been commissioned, with rare isotopes first produced in December 2021 and first user experiments conducted in May 2022. The FRIB driver linear accelerator (linac) uses 6 room temperature cavities, 324 superconducting cavities, and 69 superconducting solenoids to accelerate ions to more than 200 MeV/nucleon. Because of the large scale, automation is essential for reliable linac operation with high availability. Automation measures implemented during linac commissioning include turn-on of the cavities and solenoids, turn-on and fast recovery for room temperature devices, and emergency shut down of linac devices. Additional automated tasks include conditioning of multipacting barriers in the cavities and calibration of the control valves for the pneumatic tuners. To ensure a smooth transition to operations, we are currently working on real-time health monitoring of the linac cryomodules, including critical signals such as X-ray levels, RF coupler temperatures, and cryogenic parameters. In this paper, we will describe our automation procedures, the implementation details, and the experience we gained.
	Slides TH1C3 [1.966 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1C3
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 25 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
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TH3C2	Alternating Phase Focusing Based IH DTL for Heavy Ion Application	cavity, focusing, heavy-ion, linac	162
	S. Lauber, K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, P. Forck, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, A. Rubin, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev HIM, Mainz, Germany K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, F.D. Dziuba, S. Lauber, J. List KPH, Mainz, Germany M. Droba, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany H. Podlech HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	The continuous wave (CW) operated HElmholtz LInear ACcelerator (HELIAC) is going to reach the next milestone with the commissioning of the superconducting (SC) Advanced Demonstrator cryomodule, comprising four SC Crossbar H-mode (CH) cavities and SC steerer magnets. In parallel with the commissioning of the SC main accelerator, the normal conducting injector consisting of an ECR ion source, a RFQ and two Interdigital H-mode (IH) cavities will be built based on an Alternating Phase Focusing (APF) beam dynamics scheme. Both IH cavities will provide a beam energy gain from 300 keV/u to 1400 keV/u with a maximum mass to charge ratio of 6, requiring only one external quadrupole triplet and beam steerer elements between them. The APF concept allows stable and effective beam transport with transverse and longitudinal focusing, enabling an efficient and compact design. Due to the stringent requirements of the APF concept on the voltage distribution and the CW operation, optimization of each cavity in terms of RF, mechanical and thermal properties is crucial for successful operation of the HELIAC injector. The current layout of the APF based and CW operated injector will be presented.
	Slides TH3C2 [1.603 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH3C2
About •	Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 04 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022
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TH3C3	Recent UNILAC Upgrade Activities	heavy-ion, rfq, quadrupole, linac	166
	U. Scheeler, W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, H. Vormann, M. Vossberg, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev HIM, Mainz, Germany W.A. Barth KPH, Mainz, Germany
	The GSI UNILAC is the section of the GSI accelerator facility that has been in operation the longest. UNILAC is able to accelerate ions from hydrogen to ura-nium up to 20 MeV (p⁺) and 13 MeV/u (uranium). The main focus of the recent upgrade measures is to meet the FAIR requirements and to provide reliable and long term beam operation conditions. Besides post stripper upgrade and upgrade of the UNILAC controls, a particular atten-tion is paid to improve the performance of the High Current Injector (HSI) [1-7] and to intensify spare part management for the ageing accelerator. In order to en-sure operational reliability, the main focus lies on exten-sive spare part management and replacement of outdated equipment. Modified beam dynamics design for the frontend system and the use of advanced technologies are needed to improve the UNILAC performance. Among other things, a modified Low and Medium Energy Beam Transport section design for the HSI and installation of reliable (non-destructive) high intensity beam diagnos-tics devices are in progress. This paper addresses the status of current development efforts and specific plans for the UNILAC upgrade.
	Slides TH3C3 [1.595 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH3C3
About •	Received ※ 20 June 2022 — Revised ※ 28 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022
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TH4C3	High Intensity Proton Beams at GSI (Heavy Ion) UNILAC	proton, linac, heavy-ion, ion-source	170
	W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, U. Scheeler, H. Vormann, M. Vossberg, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu HIM, Mainz, Germany
	A significant part of the experimental program at FAIR is dedicated to pbar physics requiring a high number of cooled pbars per hour. The primary proton beam has to be provided by a 70 MeV proton linac followed by two synchrotrons. The new FAIR proton linac will deliver a pulsed high intensity proton beam of up to 35 mA of 36 µs duration at a repetition rate of 4 Hz. The GSI heavy ion linac (UNILAC) is able to deliver intense heavy ion beam for injection into SIS18, but it is not suitable for FAIR relevant proton beam operation. In an advanced machine investigation program it could be shown, that the UNILAC is able to provide for sufficient high intensities of CH3-beam, cracked (and stripped) in a supersonic nitrogen gas jet into protons and carbon ions. This new operational approach results in up to 3 mA of proton intensity at a maximum beam energy of 20 MeV, 100 µs pulse duration and a rep. rate of 4 Hz. For some time now, UNILAC proton beam operation with higher intensities has been offered as standard for users. Recent linac beam measurements will be presented, showing that the UNILAC is able to bridge the time until the FAIR-proton linac delivers high-intensity proton beams.
	Slides TH4C3 [3.539 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH4C3
About •	Received ※ 11 June 2022 — Revised ※ 28 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 September 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MO1C3

High Voltage Upgrade of the 14UD Tandem Accelerator

electron, simulation, heavy-ion, acceleration

1

T.B. Tunningley, S.T. Battisson, A. Cooper, J.K. Heighway, D.J. Hinde, C. Kafer, T. Kitchen, P. Linardakis, N.R. Lobanov, C. Notthoff, T. Tempra, B. Tranter, R. Tranter
Research School of Physics and Engineering, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capitol Territory, Australia
R.A. Bosch
UW-Madison/SRC, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
J.E. Raatz
NEC, Middleton, Wisconsin, USA

The 14UD at the Australian National University’s Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) operated at a maximum voltage of 15.5 MV after the installation of tubes with a compressed geometry in the 1990s. In recent years, the performance of the accelerator has shown a gradual decline to a maximum operation voltage of ~14.5 MV. There are some fundamental factors that limit the high voltage performance, such as SF6 gas pressure, field enhancement due to triple junctions and total voltage effect. In 2019 ANU initiated the feasibility study of available options to upgrade the entire population of supporting posts, acceleration tubes and grading resistors. In this paper we will discuss the preferred technologies and strategies for successful implementation of this development. The chosen design is based on NEC tubes with magnetic electron suppression and minimized steering of ion beam. The new grading resistors mounting options and improved voltage distribution along accelerator column timeline will be discussed.

Slides MO1C3 [28.718 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO1C3

About •

Received ※ 25 May 2022 — Revised ※ 27 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MO3I3

Heavy Ion Stripping

target, heavy-ion, synchrotron, linac

24

P. Gerhard, M.T. Maier
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Ion stripping is primarily an essential technique for heavy ion accelerators in order to reach higher beam energies within reasonable size and budget limits. Due to the nature of the stripping process, the resulting ion beam contains ions of different charge states. Therefore, high beam loss is typically associated, making the net stripping efficiency one of the decisive elements of the overall performance of an accelerator or facility. Several technical implementations of strippers have been and are still being developed in order to obtain optimal stripping for different ions and beam energies by employing different kinds of stripping targets, namely gaseous, solid and more recently fluid materials. High beam intensities resulting in prohibitive energy deposition and target destruction are challenging. Optimizing a stripper may potentially increase the overall performance by a large factor with less effort than other actions. This gave rise to the pulsed gas stripper project at the GSI UNILAC. This talk will give an overview of different strippers at GSI and beyond. The second part will give a detailed report on the introduction of hydrogen at the GSI gas stripper.

Slides MO3I3 [53.513 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO3I3

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022

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MO4I2

Liquid Lithium Charge Stripper Commissioning with Heavy Ion Beams and Early Operations of FRIB Strippers

heavy-ion, MMI, linac, vacuum

31

T. Kanemura, N.K. Bultman, R. Madendorp, F. Marti, T. Maruta, Y. Momozaki, J.A. Nolen, P.N. Ostroumov, A.S. Plastun, H.T. Ren, A. Taylor, J. Wei, Q. Zhao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
M.J. LaVere
MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
Y. Momozaki, J.A. Nolen
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michi-gan State University is a 400 kW heavy ion linear accel-erator. Heavy ion accelerators normally include a charge stripper to remove electrons from the beams to increase the charge state of the beams thus to increase the energy gain. Thin carbon foils have been the traditional charge stripper but are limited in power density by the damage they suffer (sublimation and radiation damage) and con-sequently short lifetimes. Because of the high beam pow-er, FRIB had decided to use a liquid lithium charge strip-per (LLCS), a self-replenishing medium that is free from radiation damage. FRIB recently commissioned a LLCS with heavy ion beams (36Ar, 48Ca, 124Xe and 238U beams at energies of 17-20 MeV/u). Since there had been no exper-imental data available of charge stripping characteristics of liquid lithium, this was the first demonstration of charge stripping by a LLCS. The beams were successfully stripped by the LLCS with slightly lower charge states than the carbon foils of the same mass thickness. The LLCS started serving the charge stripper for FRIB user operations with a backup rotating carbon foil charge stripper. FRIB has become the world’s first accelerator that utilizes a LLCS.

Slides MO4I2 [6.337 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO4I2

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Received ※ 26 June 2022 — Revised ※ 27 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022

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MO4C3

Development, Fabrication and Testing of the RF-Kicker for the Acculinna-2 Fragment Separator

kicker, cavity, coupling, experiment

37

W. Beeckman, F. Forest, O. Tasset-Maye, E.J. Voisin
SIGMAPHI S.A., Vannes, France
A. Bechtold
NTG Neue Technologien GmbH & Co KG, Gelnhausen, Germany
A.S. Fomichev, A.V. Gorshkov, S.A. Krupko, G.M. Ter-Akopian
JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia

The Acculinna-2 radioactive beam separator was designed and built between 2012 and 2014, then installed and tested by Sigmaphi in 2015 and in full operation since 2016 at the Flerov laboratory of JINR in Dubna. In order to achieve efficient separation of neutron-deficient species, an RF kicker was foreseen since the beginning of the project but was put on hold for many years. In 2016 Sigmaphi got a contract to study, build, install and test an RF kicker with a variable frequency ranging between 15 and 21 MHz and capable of producing 15kV/cm transverse electric fields in a 10 cm gap over a 1m long distance.# The presentation first recalls the rationale of an RF-kicker to separate neutron-deficient species. It then goes through the different steps of the study, initial choice of the cavity structure, first dimensioning from analytical formulas, finite elements computations and tuning methods envisioned, down to a final preliminary design.# A 1/10 scaled mock-up of this final shape was built and tested as a check before building the full-size cavity. The NTG company was then contracted to perform, in a joint collaboration with Sigmaphi, the final study, detailed design, construction and factory testing of the real cavity. The presentation highlights the fabrication and tests of both mock-up and real size cavities through a series of pictures.# The complete RF-kicker, with its power supply, control and pumping systems was installed on the Acculinna-2 beamline in June 2019. Because the U400M cyclotron was due to shut down by mid-2020, the Acculinna-2 team decided to use the separator to accumulate as much data as possible, to be processed during the 2 years closing time. A 1-week time window for kicker testing was only available in February 2020, a short but sufficient time lapse to successfully drive the cavity at full power and test it over a wide frequency range. Unfortunately, because of cyclotron closure, no beam tests have been performed so far. The latest availabl

Slides MO4C3 [16.742 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-MO4C3

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Received ※ 26 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 September 2022

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TU3I2

Beam Instrumentation, Challenging Tools for Demanding Projects –– a Snapshot from the French Assigned Network

diagnostics, instrumentation, network, emittance

57

F. Poirier, T. Durand, C. Koumeir
Cyclotron ARRONAX, Saint-Herblain, France
T. Adam, E. Bouquerel, C. Maazouzi, F.R. Osswald
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
P. Bambade, S.M. Ben Abdillah, N. Delerue, H. Guler
Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
B. Cheymol, D. Dauvergne, M.-L. Gallin-Martel, R. Molle, C. Peaucelle
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
L. Daudin, A.A. Husson, B. Lachacinski, J. Michaud
LP2I, Gradignan, France
C. Jamet
GANIL, Caen, France
C. Thiebaux, M. Verderi
LLR, Palaiseau, France

Particle accelerators are thrusting the exploration of beam production towards several demanding territories, that is beam high intensity, high energy, short time and geometry precision or small size. Accelerators have thus more and more stringent characteristics that need to be measured. Beam diagnostics accompany these trends with a diversity of capacities and technologies that can encompass compactness, radiation hardness, low beam perturbation, or fast response and have a crucial role in the validation of the various operation phases. Their developments also call for specialized knowledge, expertise and technical resources. A snapshot from the French CNRS/IN2P3 beam instrumentation network is proposed. It aims to promote exchanges between the experts and facilitate the realization of project within the field. The network and several beam diagnostic technologies will be exposed. It includes developments of system with low beam interaction characteristics such as PEPITES, fast response detector such as the diamond-based by DIAMMONI, highly dedicated BPM for GANIL-SPIRAL2, emittance-meters which deals with high intensity beams and development for MYRRHA, SPIRAL2-DESIR and NEWGAIN.

Slides TU3I2 [6.370 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TU3I2

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Received ※ 20 June 2022 — Revised ※ 30 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

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TUP03

Bunch Merging and Compression: Recent Progress with RF and LLRF Systems for FAIR

cavity, LLRF, controls, target

67

D.E.M. Lens, R. Balß, H. Klingbeil, U. Laier, J.S. Schmidt, K.G. Thomin, T. Winnefeld, B. Zipfel
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
H. Klingbeil
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany

Besides the realization of several new RF systems for the new heavy-ion synchrotron SIS100 and the storage rings CR and HESR, the FAIR project also includes an upgrade of the RF systems of the existing accelerator rings such as SIS18. The SIS18 RF systems currently comprise two ferrite cavities, three broadband magnetic-alloy cavities and one bunch-compressor cavity. In addition, the LLRF system has been continuously upgraded over the past years towards the planned topology that will be implemented for all FAIR ring accelerators. One of the challenges for the SIS18 RF systems is the large RF frequency span between 400 kHz and 5.4 MHz. Although the SIS18 upgrade is still under progress, a major part of the functionality has already been successfully tested with beam in machine development experiments (MDE). This includes multi-harmonic operation such as dual-harmonic acceleration and further beam gymnastics manipulations such as bunch merging and bunch compression. Many of these features are already used in standard operation. In this contribution, the current status is illustrated and recent MDE results are presented that demonstrate the capabilities of the RF systems for FAIR.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP03

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 30 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022

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TUP06

Cryogenic Surfaces in a Room Temperature SIS18 Ioncatcher

vacuum, cryogenics, heavy-ion, simulation

79

L.H.J. Bozyk, S. Aumüller, P.J. Spiller
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

For FAIR operation, the existing heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 at GSI will be used as booster for the future SIS100. In order to reach the intensity goals, medium charge state heavy ions will be used. Unfortunately, such ions have very high ionization cross sections in collisions with residual gas particles, yielding in beam loss and a subsequent pressure rise via ion impact stimulated gas desorption. To reduce the desorption yield, room temperature ioncatcher have been installed, which provide low desorption surfaces. Simulations including cryogenic surfaces show, that their high sticking probability prevents the vacuum system from pressure built-ups during operation. Such, the operation with heavy ion beams can be stabilized at higher heavy ion intensities, than solely with room temperature surfaces. A prototype ioncatcher containing cryogenic surfaces has been developed and built. The surfaces are cooled by a commercial coldhead, which easily allows this system being integrated into the room temperature synchrotron. The development and first laboratory tests including fast pressure measurements of this system will be presented.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP06

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022

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TUP07

Efficient Heavy Ion Acceleration with High Brilliance

rfq, emittance, brilliance, cavity

83

C. Zhang
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
H. Podlech
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

It is challenging to realize an efficient and brilliant RFQ for accelerating high current heavy ion beams, as space charge effects are most pronounced at the low energy end. Here ’efficient’ means an as short as pos-sible accelerating structure with minimum RF power consumption, while ’brilliant’ means high beam transmission and low emittance growth. Using the > 9 m long HSI RFQ accelerator, one of the longest RFQs in the world, as an example, a promising solution has been presented.

Poster TUP07 [1.134 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP07

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

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TUP10

High Power Tests of a New 4-Rod RFQ with Focus on Thermal Stability

rfq, experiment, controls, MMI

93

S.R. Wagner, D. Koser, H. Podlech
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
M. Basten
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
M. Basten
HIM, Mainz, Germany
H. Podlech
HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Due to strong limitations regarding operational stability of the existing HLI-RFQ a new design and prototype were commissioned. Three main problems were observed at the existing RFQ: A strong thermal sensitivity, modulated reflected power, and insufficient stability of the contact springs connecting the stems with the tuning plates. Although the last problem was easily solved, the first two remained and greatly hindered operations. To resolve this issue and ensure stable injection into the HLI, a new RFQ-prototype, optimized in terms of vibration suppression and cooling efficiency, was designed at the Institute of Applied Physics (IAP) of Goethe University Frankfurt. To test the performance of this prototype, high power tests with more than 25 kW/m were performed at GSI. During those, it was possible to demonstrate operational stability in terms of thermal load and mechanical vibrations, calculating the thermal detuning, and proof the reliability of the proposed design.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP10

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 30 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 September 2022

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TUP11

Upgrade and Operation of the ATLAS Radiation Interlock System (ARIS)

radiation, controls, Linux, PLC

96

B.R. Blomberg, B. Back, K.J. Bunnell, J.A. Clark, M.R. Hendricks, C.E. Peters, J. Reyna, G. Savard, D. Stanton, L. Weber
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics, under contract number DE-AC02-06CH11357.
ATLAS (the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator Sys-tem) is a superconducting heavy ion accelerator which can accelerate nearly all stable, and some unstable, iso-topes between hydrogen and uranium. Prompt radiation fields from gamma and or neutron are typically below 1 rem/hr at 30 cm, but are permitted up to 300 rem/hr at 30 cm. The original ATLAS Radiation Interlock System (ARIS), hereafter referred to as ARIS 1.0 was installed 30 years ago. While it has been a functional critical safe-ty system, its age has exposed the facility to high risk of temporary shutdown due to failure of obsolete compo-nents. Topics discussed will be architecture, hardware improvements, functional improvements, and operation permitting personnel access to areas with low levels of radiation.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TUP11

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Received ※ 30 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 August 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 September 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

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WE1I3

FRIB Commissioning

linac, target, MMI, experiment

118

P.N. Ostroumov, F. Casagrande, K. Fukushima, K. Hwang, M. Ikegami, T. Kanemura, S.H. Kim, S.M. Lidia, G. Machicoane, T. Maruta, D.G. Morris, A.S. Plastun, H.T. Ren, J. Wei, T. Xu, T. Zhang, Q. Zhao, S. Zhao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661, the State of Michigan and Michigan State University.
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), a major nuclear physics facility for research with fast, stopped and reaccelerated rare isotope beams, was successfully commissioned and is in operation. The acceleration of Xe, Kr, and Ar ion beams above 210 MeV/u using all 46 cryomodules with 324 superconducting cavities was demonstrated. Several key technologies were successful-ly developed and implemented for the world’s highest energy continuous wave heavy ion beams, such as full-scale cryogenics and superconducting radiofrequency resonator system, stripping of heavy ions with a thin liquid lithium film, and simultaneous acceleration of multiple-charge-state heavy ion beams. In December 2021, we demonstrated the production and identification of 84Se isotopes and, in January 2022, commissioned the FRIB fragment separator by delivering a 210 MeV/u argon beam to the separator’s focal plane. The first two user experiments with primary 48Ca and 82Se beams have been successfully conducted in May-June 2022.

Slides WE1I3 [6.543 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-WE1I3

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 29 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 September 2022

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TH1C3

Automation of RF and Cryomodule Operation at FRIB

cavity, controls, SRF, linac

136

S. Zhao, E. Bernal, W. Chang, E. Daykin, E. Gutierrez, W. Hartung, S.H. Kim, S.R. Kunjir, T.L. Larter, D.G. Morris, J.T. Popielarski, H.T. Ren, T. Xu
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661.
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) has been commissioned, with rare isotopes first produced in December 2021 and first user experiments conducted in May 2022. The FRIB driver linear accelerator (linac) uses 6 room temperature cavities, 324 superconducting cavities, and 69 superconducting solenoids to accelerate ions to more than 200 MeV/nucleon. Because of the large scale, automation is essential for reliable linac operation with high availability. Automation measures implemented during linac commissioning include turn-on of the cavities and solenoids, turn-on and fast recovery for room temperature devices, and emergency shut down of linac devices. Additional automated tasks include conditioning of multipacting barriers in the cavities and calibration of the control valves for the pneumatic tuners. To ensure a smooth transition to operations, we are currently working on real-time health monitoring of the linac cryomodules, including critical signals such as X-ray levels, RF coupler temperatures, and cryogenic parameters. In this paper, we will describe our automation procedures, the implementation details, and the experience we gained.

Slides TH1C3 [1.966 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH1C3

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 25 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

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TH3C2

Alternating Phase Focusing Based IH DTL for Heavy Ion Application

cavity, focusing, heavy-ion, linac

162

S. Lauber, K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, P. Forck, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, A. Rubin, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev
HIM, Mainz, Germany
K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, F.D. Dziuba, S. Lauber, J. List
KPH, Mainz, Germany
M. Droba, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
H. Podlech
HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

The continuous wave (CW) operated HElmholtz LInear ACcelerator (HELIAC) is going to reach the next milestone with the commissioning of the superconducting (SC) Advanced Demonstrator cryomodule, comprising four SC Crossbar H-mode (CH) cavities and SC steerer magnets. In parallel with the commissioning of the SC main accelerator, the normal conducting injector consisting of an ECR ion source, a RFQ and two Interdigital H-mode (IH) cavities will be built based on an Alternating Phase Focusing (APF) beam dynamics scheme. Both IH cavities will provide a beam energy gain from 300 keV/u to 1400 keV/u with a maximum mass to charge ratio of 6, requiring only one external quadrupole triplet and beam steerer elements between them. The APF concept allows stable and effective beam transport with transverse and longitudinal focusing, enabling an efficient and compact design. Due to the stringent requirements of the APF concept on the voltage distribution and the CW operation, optimization of each cavity in terms of RF, mechanical and thermal properties is crucial for successful operation of the HELIAC injector. The current layout of the APF based and CW operated injector will be presented.

Slides TH3C2 [1.603 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH3C2

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Received ※ 21 June 2022 — Revised ※ 04 July 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 September 2022

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TH3C3

Recent UNILAC Upgrade Activities

heavy-ion, rfq, quadrupole, linac

166

U. Scheeler, W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, H. Vormann, M. Vossberg, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, S. Yaramyshev
HIM, Mainz, Germany
W.A. Barth
KPH, Mainz, Germany

The GSI UNILAC is the section of the GSI accelerator facility that has been in operation the longest. UNILAC is able to accelerate ions from hydrogen to ura-nium up to 20 MeV (p⁺) and 13 MeV/u (uranium). The main focus of the recent upgrade measures is to meet the FAIR requirements and to provide reliable and long term beam operation conditions. Besides post stripper upgrade and upgrade of the UNILAC controls, a particular atten-tion is paid to improve the performance of the High Current Injector (HSI) [1-7] and to intensify spare part management for the ageing accelerator. In order to en-sure operational reliability, the main focus lies on exten-sive spare part management and replacement of outdated equipment. Modified beam dynamics design for the frontend system and the use of advanced technologies are needed to improve the UNILAC performance. Among other things, a modified Low and Medium Energy Beam Transport section design for the HSI and installation of reliable (non-destructive) high intensity beam diagnos-tics devices are in progress. This paper addresses the status of current development efforts and specific plans for the UNILAC upgrade.

Slides TH3C3 [1.595 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH3C3

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Received ※ 20 June 2022 — Revised ※ 28 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 01 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 August 2022

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TH4C3

High Intensity Proton Beams at GSI (Heavy Ion) UNILAC

proton, linac, heavy-ion, ion-source

170

W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu, U. Scheeler, H. Vormann, M. Vossberg, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
W.A. Barth, M. Miski-Oglu
HIM, Mainz, Germany

A significant part of the experimental program at FAIR is dedicated to pbar physics requiring a high number of cooled pbars per hour. The primary proton beam has to be provided by a 70 MeV proton linac followed by two synchrotrons. The new FAIR proton linac will deliver a pulsed high intensity proton beam of up to 35 mA of 36 µs duration at a repetition rate of 4 Hz. The GSI heavy ion linac (UNILAC) is able to deliver intense heavy ion beam for injection into SIS18, but it is not suitable for FAIR relevant proton beam operation. In an advanced machine investigation program it could be shown, that the UNILAC is able to provide for sufficient high intensities of CH3-beam, cracked (and stripped) in a supersonic nitrogen gas jet into protons and carbon ions. This new operational approach results in up to 3 mA of proton intensity at a maximum beam energy of 20 MeV, 100 µs pulse duration and a rep. rate of 4 Hz. For some time now, UNILAC proton beam operation with higher intensities has been offered as standard for users. Recent linac beam measurements will be presented, showing that the UNILAC is able to bridge the time until the FAIR-proton linac delivers high-intensity proton beams.

Slides TH4C3 [3.539 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-HIAT2022-TH4C3

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Received ※ 11 June 2022 — Revised ※ 28 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 August 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 September 2022

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